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100 Biology Questions and Answers – Basic Biology

100 Biology Questions and Answers – Basic Biology

 

Biology Questions and Answers - Basic Biology

 

Biology Questions – Learn Basic Biology Part 1 (1-25)

 

1) Give an example of seedless vascular plants:

Answer: Ferns.

 

2)  Nomenclature is governed by certain universal rules. Which one of the following is contrary to the rules of nomenclature?

(a) Biological names can be written in any language (b) The first word in a biological name represents the genus name, and the second is a specific epithet (c) The names are written in Latin and are italicised (d) When written by hand, the names are to be underlined

Answer: A.

 

3) What is Sporophyll?

Answer: Leaves with associated sporangia.

 

4) Which is the first oxygen-producing organism?

Answer: Autotrophic cyanobacteria.

 

5) What do you know about the leaves of ferns?

Answer: It is generally petiolate.

 

6) It is much easier for a small animal to run uphill than for a large animal, because

(a) it is easier to carry small body weight. (b) smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate. (c) small animals have a lower O2 requirement. (d) the efficiency of muscles in large animals is less than in the small animals.

Answer: B.

 

7) What is the white substance contained in the fibre cells?

Answer: Cellulose.

 

8) How much biosphere extends to the distance?

Answer: 22.5 Km.

 

9) What are the groups of sporangia borne on the fern leaves called?

Answer: Sori.

 

10) Five kingdom system of classification suggested by R.H. Whittaker is not based on:

(a) Presence or absence of a well-defined nucleus. (b) Mode of reproduction. (c) Mode of nutrition. (d) The complexity of body organisation.

Answer: A.

 

11) Which is the seed plant with fern-like leaves?

Answer: Cycas.

 

12) How the populations of different species are is kept under check?

Answer: By food chain.

 

13) In which plants the annuals are absent?

Answer: Gymnosperm.

 

14) Which one of the following fungi contains hallucinogens

(a) Morchella esculenta (b) Amanita muscaria (c) Neurospora sp. (d) Ustilago sp.

Answer: B.

 

15) The process of cutting trees to increase the land area for agriculture. What is it called?

Answer: Shifting cultivation.

 

16) Who is the most recent and most highly evolved amongst organisms?

Answer: Human species, Homo sapiens.

 

17) What is the peculiarity of Gymnosperms?

Answer: They have naked ovules.

 

18) Archaebacteria differ from eubacteria in:

(a) Cell membrane (b) Mode of nutrition (c) Cell shape (d) Mode of reproduction

Answer: A.

 

19) Fruits are not produced in gymnosperms. Why?

Answer: Because they are without any ovary.

 

20) What two special characteristics are found in human beings which have made them masters?

Answer: Highly evolved brain, skilled hand.

 

21) Which one constitutes the dominant vegetation in colder regions?

Answer: Gymnosperms.

 

22) Which of the following shows coiled RNA strand and capsomeres?

(a) Poliovirus (b) Tobacco masaic virus (c) Measles virus (d) Retrovirus

Answer: B.

 

23) Pinus protects itself from microbial. How does the insect attack?

Answer: Through Resin.

 

24) What is Nebula?

Answer: It is the name of a cold cosmic cloud of dust and gas which is believed to condense and form star, planets and their satellites.

 

25) In gymnosperms, how does the pollination takes place?

Answer: Through Wind.

 

Online Biology Questions and Answers – Basic Biology Part 2 (26-50)

 

26) Viruses have:

(a) DNA enclosed in a protein coat (b) Prokaryotic nucleus (c) Single chromosome (d) Both DNA and RNA

Answer: A.

 

27) How do the conifers reduce the rate of transpiration?

Answer: They have Needle-like, scale-like, or leathery leaves, thick cuticle, sunken stomata, etc.

 

28) Who first put forward the nebular hypothesis of the origin of the solar system?

Answer: Kant.

 

20) Where is ‘Christmas tree’ found?

Answer: In conifers.

 

30) The motile bacteria are able to move by:

(a) Fimbriae (b) Flagella (c) Cilia (d) Pili

Answer: B.

 

31) Differentiate between sporophyte and gametophyte:

Answer: Sporophyte is diploid, Gametophyte is haploid.

 

32) What helped in forming different types of organic compounds on earth from inorganic salts, minerals, and gases in beginning?

Answer: High temperature, ultra-violet rays, and lightning.

 

33) Name any polygamous type of plant:

Answer: Mango.

 

34) An example of an edible underground stem is:

(a) Carrot (b) Groundnut (c) Sweet potato (d) Potato

Answer: D.

 

35) Where are stamens represented in Pinus?

Answer: Microsporophyll.

 

36) Who first proposed that life originated from non-living substances through chemical processes?

Answer: Oparin.

 

37) How many years ago flowering plants originated?

Answer: About 130 million years.

 

38) True nucleus is absent in:

(a) Mucor (b) Vaucheria (c) Volvox (d) Anabaena

Answer: D.

 

39) What do you mean by IUCN

Answer: International Union for Conversation of Nature and Natural Resources.

 

40) What is the name of the theory that believes life originated from inorganic substances through chemical processes?

Answer: Physico-chemical theory/ Naturalistic theory/ Theory of Chemosynthetic origin.

 

41) Where is the most ancient tree found?

Answer: At Gaya.

 

42) Which of the following structures is not found in a prokaryotic cell?

(a) Ribosome (b) Mesosome (c) Plasma membrane (d) Nuclear envelope

Answer: D.

 

43) Write an example of a root parasite:

Answer: Striga.

 

44) Why were the first organisms aerobic?

Answer: The atmosphere of the earth did not possess oxygen at that time.

 

45) Write an example of an insectivorous plant:

Answer: Nepenthes.

 

46) The imperfect fungi which are decomposer of litter and help in mineral cycling belong to:

(a) Basidiomycetes (b) Phycomycetes (c) Ascomycetes (d) Deuteromycetes

Answer: D.

 

47) Write an example of a monocot:

Answer: Cereals.

 

48) When did prokaryotes originate on earth?

Answer: 4200 million years back.

 

49) Write an example of a dicot:

Answer: Pulses.

 

50) The structures that help some bacteria to attach to rocks and/ or host tissues are:

(a) Fimbriae (b) Mesosomes (c) Holdfast (d) Rhizoids

Answer: A.

 

General Biology Questions and Answers – Learn Basic Biology Part 3 (51-75)

 

51) Which large, unicellular green algae is commonly called an umbrella plant?

Answer: Acetabularia.

 

52) When in the history of the earth did eukaryotes develop?

Answer: 1600-million years back.

 

53) Which green algae is parasitic on tea plant?

Answer: Cephaleuros.

 

54) Pick up the wrong statement

(a) Prostista have photosynthetic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition (b) Some fungi are edible (c) Nuclear membrane is present Monera (d) Cell wall is absent in Animalia

Answer: C.

 

55) What is a common hycocolloids?

Answer: Alginic acid.

 

56) What four features constitute the basic unity of all living beings?

Answer: Cell structure, metabolism, replication, and homeostasis.

 

57) Which sea lettuce is an edible green algae?

Answer: Ulva.

 

58) Which one is a wrong statement?

(a) Mucor has biflagellate zoospores (b) Haploid endosperm is a typical feature of gymnosperms (c) Brown algae have chlorophyll a and c and fucoxanthin (d) Archegonia are found in Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, and Gymnosperms.

Answer: A.

 

59) Write an example of motile colonial green algae:

Answer: Volvox.

 

60) Which is the smallest angiosperm?

Answer: Wolffia arrhiza.

 

61) From where common phycocolloid Alginic acid is obtained?

Answer: Kelps.

 

62) In which group of organisms the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells which fit together?

(a) Euglenoids (b) Dinoflagellates (c) Slime moulds (d) Chrysophytes

Answer: D.

 

63) Write the scientific name of an algae with ribbon shaped chloroplasts:

Answer: Spirogyra.

 

64) What peculiarity is found in cicada?

Answer: It lives for seventeen years but leads an active life of only five weeks.

 

65) Write the scientific name of the structure formed by germinated fern spore:

Answer: Prothallus.

 

66) Choose the wrong statements:

(a) Neurospora is used in the study of biochemical genetics (b) Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms (c) Yeast is unicellular and useful in fermentation (d) Penicillium is multicellular and produces antibiotics

Answer: B.

 

67) Name a plant that forms fruits but no seed:

Answer: Banana.

 

68) What are the three components of the earth?

Answer: Hydrosphere, Lithosphere, Atmosphere.

 

69) Name a plant that forms seeds but not fruits:

Answer: Pinus.

 

70) Which of the following are most suitable indicators of SO2 pollution in the environment?

(a) Conifers (b) Algae (c) Fungi (d) Lichens

Answer: D.

 

71) What are the major divisions of algae plants?

Answer: Three – Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta.

 

72) What is the name of the theory which believes that life originated somewhere else and it came to earth through meteorites?

Answer: Cosmozoic or interplanetary theory.

 

73) What are the major divisions of land plants?

Answer: Two. (i) Bryophyte (non – vascular land plants) (ii) Tracheophyta (vascular plants).

 

74) Which of the following statements is wrong for viroids?

(a) They lack a protein coat (b) They are smaller than viruses (c) They cause infections (d) Their RNA is of high molecular weight

Answer: D.

 

75) Enumerate the main groups of Tracheophyta?

Answer: Three – (i) Pteridophytes (Ferns and related plants) (ii) Gymnosperm (iii) Angiosperms.

 

Top Biology Questions and Answers – Learn the Basics of Biology Part 4 (76-100)

 

76) What discovery formed the basis of agriculture?

Answer: Seeds are the source of replenishment of plants.

 

77) Where did the multicellular plant life originate?

Answer: In the underwater surfaces of seashores.

 

78) One of the major components of the cell wall of most fungi is

(a) Chitin (b) Peptidoglycan (c) Cellulose (d) Hemicellulose

Answer: A.

 

79) Which is the largest algae? To which group does it belong?

Answer: Macrocystis pyrifera. It belongs to Phaeophyta or brown algae.

 

80) What is the major role of reproduction in nature?

Answer: Perpetuation of the race.

 

81) What is Xenia?

Answer: Effect of pollen on endosperm.

 

82) Which one of the following statements is wrong?

(a) Cyanobacteria are also called blue-green algae (b) Golden algae are also called desmids (c) Eubacteria are also called false bacteria (d) Phycomycetes are also called algal fungi

Answer: C.

 

83) What are Kelps?

Answer: Kelps are large seaweeds.

 

84) What is the common name of Agaricus?

Answer: Mushroom.

 

85) Write few examples of Kelps:

Answer: Laminaria, Nereocystis, Macrocystis.

 

86) Chrysophytes, Euglenoids, Dinoflagellates and Slime moulds are included in the kingdom

(a) Monera (b) Protista (c) Fungi (d) Animalia Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom

Answer: B.

 

87) Give two examples of epizoic green algae:

Answer: Trichophilus on sloth, Characium on Crustacean.

 

88) What is the name of the fruit body of polyporus?

Answer: Basidiocarp.

 

89) Give an example of two common ferns:

Answer: Adiantum, Dryopteris.

 

90) Which one of the following shows isogamy with non-flagellated gametes?

(a) Sargassum (b) Ectocarpus (c) Ulothrix (d) Spirogyra

Answer: D.

 

91) What is a walking fern?

Answer: It is a fern where leaf tips develop into new plants if they happen to touch the ground.

 

92) What are Fronds?

Answer: The pinnately compound leaves of fern are called fronds.

 

93) What is a tree fern?

Answer: It is a fern in which stem is a aerial.

 

94) Which one of the following is wrong about Chara?

(a) Upper oogonium and lower round antheridium. (b) Globule and nucule present on the same plant. (c) Upper antheridium and lower oogonium. (d) Globule is a male reproductive structure.

Answer: C.

 

95) Write an example of a walking fern:

Answer: Adiantum caudatum.

 

96) What is Agrostology?

Answer: The study of grasses is called Agrostology.

 

97) Write two examples of a tree fern:

Answer: Cyathea, Cibotium.

 

98) Which of the following is responsible for peat formation?

(a) Marchanita (b) Riccia (c) Funaria (d) Sphagnum

Answer: D

 

99) Write an example of a cycads:

Answer: Cycas.

 

100) Plants that grow in water are called hydrophytes. What name is given to plants that grow in desert conditions?

Answer: Xerophytes.

 

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